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infrastructure/what-is-a-server-really-a-computer-that-waits-for-questions.md
What is a server, really? A computer that waits for questions
A server isn't a special kind of machine. It's an ordinary computer running a program that waits for someone to ask for something, then…
software-design/how-to-read-a-python-error-message-without-panicking.md
How to read a Python error message without panicking
When Python crashes it prints a traceback: a report of what went wrong and where. It looks scary, but it has a fixed shape, and the most…
security/how-websites-check-your-password-without-ever-storing-it.md
How websites check your password without ever storing it
A well-built website never saves your password. It saves a hash: a fixed-size fingerprint that's quick to compute and impossible to run…
ai/machine-learning-by-example-how-a-computer-learns-apples-from-oranges.md
Machine learning by example: how a computer learns apples from oranges
Normal programs follow rules a person wrote. Machine learning turns that around: you give the computer examples with the right answers, and…
computer-science/linear-vs-binary-search-why-30-guesses-can-beat-a-billion.md
Linear vs binary search: why 30 guesses can beat a billion
Need to find one item in a list? You can check every item in turn (linear search), or, if the list is sorted, look at the middle and throw…
software-design/functions-why-you-should-stop-copy-pasting-your-code.md
Functions: Why You Should Stop Copy-Pasting Your Code
Copy-pasting code works fine on the day you do it. It fails the day you need to change it, and have to find and fix every copy without…
languages/what-a-variable-really-is-python-names-values-and-the-sign.md
What a variable really is: Python names, values and the = sign
In Python, a variable isn't a box that holds a value. It's a name tag tied to a value that lives on its own. That one picture explains why…